One-minute microwave-assisted chemical bath deposition of nanostructured ZnO rod-arrays

Microwave-assisted chemical bath deposition (MACBD) is an emerging route for rapid synthesis of films and nanostructured particles. In this paper we report MACBD of ZnO rod-array films on bare glass substrates from an aqueous bath of tetra ammonium zinc complex. The deposition time is reduced to about 1 min as compared to around 60 min for conventional CBD. X-ray diffraction study shows that as-deposited films are uniaxially out-of-plane textured along the c-axis. Scanning Electron Microscopy reveals that the films consist of elongated elliptical tapered rods of diameters 250 to 350 nm. Atomic Force Microscopy shows that the films consist of about 350 nm grains. The RMS roughness is about 60 nm. The energy band gap is 3.27 eV as estimated from optical data. The films are n-type with electrical conductivity of 1 × 10^− 4 S/cm.     

Linear and nonlinear optical properties of ZnGeP2 crystal for infrared laser device applications: revisited

Measurement of refractive indices in the spectral bands 9-11 microm and 1.32 microm from a cw CO2 laser and a Q-switched Nd:YAG laser, respectively, is reported in a ZnGeP2 crystal. A new set of Sellmeier dispersion relations has been derived from the measured refractive indices data in this crystal. Second-harmonic generation (SHG) of CO2 laser radiation in this crystal is also reported. It is also seen that the previously reported phase-matching data for others experiments in SHG and optical parametric devices is explained satisfactorily with this new set of Sellmeier dispersion relation.     

Proposed Prediction Framework for Improving the Accuracy of Path loss Models of WiMAX Network

Wireless Personal Communications - Worldwide interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX) is an advanced wireless broadband access technology for delivering high speed voice, video and multimedia...     

Role of the C-terminal domain of Bax and Bcl-XL in their localization and function in yeast cells

It has been suggested that the C-terminal domain of Bcl-2 family members may contain a signal anchor sequence that targets these proteins to the mitochondrial outer membrane. We have investigated the consequence of deleting this domain upon cytochrome c release in yeast strains that coexpress truncated forms of Bax (i.e. BaxA) and Bcl-X(L) (i.e. Bcl-X(L)delta). We find that (i) Bax(delta) is as efficient as full-length Bax in promoting cytochrome c release, but Bcl-x(L)delta has remarkably reduced rescuing ability compared to full-length Bcl-x(L); (ii) full-length Bcl-X(L) protein acts by relocalizing Bax from the mitochondrial fraction to the soluble cytosolic fraction; (iii) Bax undergoes N-terminal cleavage when expressed in yeast, which is prevented by coexpression of Bcl-X(L), suggesting that Bcl-x(L) may mask the cleavage site of Bax through a direct physical interaction of the two proteins.     

Modelling and simulation of commercial catalytic naphtha reformers

A simulation model for catalytic reforming has been developed to monitor commercial plant performance. The model consists of various modules to predict temperature and concentration profiles, catalyst deactivation and cycle length, inter stage heater duties, recycle gas composition and octane number. The lumping details of the feed and reaction scheme, parameter estimation and model validation details are given. The model numerically integrates the component and energy balance equations for the combined feed and recycle gas in each reactor and then simulates flash separator for recycle gas composition. The results of the model validated for four different commercial reactors performance are presented.     

Classification Based on Hybridization of Parametric and Nonparametric Classifiers

Parametric methods of classification assume specific parametric models for competing population densities (e.g., Gaussian population densities can lead to linear and quadratic discriminant analysis) and they work well when these model assumptions are valid. Violation in one or more of these parametric model assumptions often leads to a poor classifier. On the other hand, nonparametric classifiers (e.g., nearest-neighbor and kernel-based classifiers) are more flexible and free from parametric model assumptions. But, the statistical instability of these classifiers may lead to poor performance when we have small numbers of training sample observations. Nonparametric methods, however, do not use any parametric structure of population densities. Therefore, even when one has some additional information about population densities, that important information is not used to modify the nonparametric classification rule. This paper makes an attempt to overcome these limitations of parametric and nonparametric approaches and combines their strengths to develop some hybrid classification methods. We use some simulated examples and benchmark data sets to examine the performance of these hybrid discriminant analysis tools. Asymptotic results on their misclassification rates have been derived under appropriate regularity conditions.     

An imperfect production process for time varying demand with inflation and time value of money – An EMQ model

The paper deals with an economic manufacturing quantity (EMQ) model for time-dependent (quadratic) demand pattern. Every manufacturing sector wants to produce perfect quality items. But in long run process, there may arise different types of difficulties like labor problem, machinery capabilities problems, etc., due to that the machinery systems shift from in-control state to out-of-control state as a result the manufacturing systems produce imperfect quality items. The imperfect items are reworked at a cost to become the perfect one. The rework cost may be reduced by improvements in product reliability i.e., the production process depend on time and also the reliability parameter. We want to determine the optimal product reliability and production rate that achieves the biggest total integrated profit for an imperfect manufacturing process using Euler–Lagrange theory to build up the necessary and sufficient conditions for optimality of the dynamic variables. Finally, a numerical example is discussed to test the model which is illustrated graphically also.